PEDIATRIC UROLOGY

Background: Experience in using polyalcohol-polyacrylate copolymer (PPC) demonstrates not only its high efficacy but also higher risk of obstructive complications(OC) associated with its use when compared with otherimplants.Identification and furtherstudy ofrisk factorsfor OC may improve safety of PPC use.

• Introduction: Treatment of hypospadias is often associated with the great number of complications and, sometimes, multiple failed reoperations. Changing approaches to hypospadias treatment with the review of the attitude towards the urethral plate give new opportunities in resolving this problem
• Materials and methods: Between 2014 and 2017, 105 boys underwent the Graft tubularization of incised urethral plate (GTIP).

Introduction: The article presentsthe results of examination and treatment of 133 children with neurogenic bladder dysfunction aged 3 to 14 years.

The article is devoted to the problem of testicular prosthesis in childhood and adolescence. Analyzed 345 such operations of the eight clinics of pediatric urology. The generalized experiencewith the definition of the most rational terms of prosthetics, evaluation of indications and conditions that led to prosthetics, recommendation of optimal accesses and methods of operation, aswell as postoperative management. The analysis of complications in prosthetics, their structure, causes, methods of prevention and tactics in the loss of the implant.

Introduction. Disorders of reproductive function in men have a special medical and social significance. The prevalence of male infertility varies from 6 to 37%. Patients with varicocele, which can be developed in adolescence, are at risk for developing infertility.

Purpose. To reveal the prevalence of varicocele among adolescent boys in St. Petersburg and epidemiological assessment of the risk factors for its development.

Introduction. Epispadiasis a severe congenital malformation and is often combinedwith other anomalies: bladder exstrophy, cryptorchidism, inguinal hernia, vesicoureteral reflux, megaureter, buried penis and urinary incontinence. Such diseases affect the quality of life and furthertreatment prognosis.

Medical care for patients with urolithiasis in childhood requires special attention. We would like to make out typical mistakes, that admitted in the treatment of urolithiasis in children, and to focus the attention of specialists on the choice of the algorithm for diagnostics and treatment of urolithiasis in childhood, using the example of the following clinical case. Anamnesis of the child's disease described in detail in the article: the results of the basic instrumental research methods are given, the tactics of surgical treatment are reflected.

The problem of testicular torsion, despite rather high debatability in specialized domestic and foreign literature, leaves many questions on which consensus has not been reached to date, the authors' opinions appear in a wide range of decisions, sometimes polar.

The relevance of determining the optimal method for the elimination of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) in children is due to the prevalence of VUR in children with urinary tract infection and the risk of damaging the renal parenchyma in the presence of reflux, especially with high-grade (IV-V). In recent decades, endoscopic intervention with the use of various uroimplants became the method of surgical treatment of VUR. Among the open surgical interventions the most common is the neoimplantation ureter by Cohen’s procedure.

In the review we have built up the experience of national and international authors about the treatment of the pathological conditions in duplex upper urinary tracts, including the use of endoscopy and endosurgery. The data are given in terms of the results in endoscopic plastic operation for ureteral orifice with vesicoureteral reflux in complete duplication of upper urinary tracts.