DOI: 10.29188/2222-8543-2026-19-2-96-103
For citation:
Vasiliev O.N., Khomyakov V.A., Perepechay V.A., Kogan M.I., Loskutov M.G., Amirbekov B.G., Glukhov V.P. Oncologic outcomes of radical cystectomy: a comparison of nonmuscle-invasive and minimally invasive bladder cancer. Experimental and Clinical Urology. 2026;19(2):96-103; https://doi.org/10.29188/2222-8543-2026-19-2-96-103
Vasiliev O.N., Khomyakov V.A., Perepechay V.A., Kogan M.I., Loskutov M.G., Amirbekov B.G., Glukhov V.P.
Information about authors:
- Vasiliev O.N. – Dr. Sci., Associate Professor of Department of urology and human reproductive health (with a course in pediatric urology-andrology) of Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 648100, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5642-452
- Khomyakov V.A. – postgraduate student, Department of Urology and human reproductive health (with a course in pediatric urology-andrology) of Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 1278236, https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1106-6674
- Perepechay V.A. – Dr. Sci., Associate Professor of Department of Urology and human reproductive health (with a course in pediatric urology-andrology) of Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 847312, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6869-8773
- Kogan M.I. – Dr. Sci., Professor, honored scientist of the Russian Federation, head of the Department of urology and human reproductive health (with a course in pediatric urology-andrology) of Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 189415, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1710-0169
- Loskutov M.G. – urologist of the urologic department of the Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 1310893, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2623-6137
- Amirbekov B.G. – PhD, urologist of the urologic department of the Rostov State Medical Univer¬sity, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 1036503, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3270-8420
- Glukhov V.P. – Dr. Sci., honored scientist of the Russian Federation, associate professor of the Department of urology and human reproductive health (with a course in pediatric urology-andrology) of the Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; RSCI Author ID: 772290, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8486-9357
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Introduction. The standard treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is transurethral resection of the tumor followed by ad¬juvant intravesical chemotherapy or BCG therapy. However, its 1 year recurrence rate varies from 15% to 70%, with 7% to 50% of these tumors progressing to muscle-invasive cancer within 5 years, which is associated with poor survival outcomes, and therefore this cohort of patients may benefit from immediate radical cystectomy (RCE).
The aim of the study to examine differences in clinical outcomes between patients with high-risk or very high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer and primary muscle-invasive bladder cancer with minimal intradetrusor invasion.
Material and methods. The study analyzes the treatment outcomes of 151 patients after RCE. The patients were grouped into two groups: group 1–49 patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (stage pT1) and group 2–102 patients with minimally muscle-invasive bladder cancer (stage pT2a).
Results. Of the 151 patients who underwent RCE, 100 (66.2%) survived, 30 (19.9%) died, and 21 (13.9%) were lost to follow-up. The average survival time of the observed patients was 87.6±6.1 months, the average survival time of those who died was 32.1±6.9 months, and the average follow-up time for those lost to follow-up was 38.4±6.1 months. Relapse-free survival at one year after RCE in groups 1 and 2 was 87.8% and 89.8%, at 3 years – 84.4% and 85.0%, at 5 years – 80.5% and 72.6%, and at 10 years – 64.6% and 65.5% of patients from groups 1 and 2, respectively (p>0.05). Cancer-specific survival at one year after RCE in groups 1 and 2 was 97.8% and 98.9%, at 3 years – 94.0% and 96.2%, at 5 years – 91.1% and 93.6%, respectively (p>0.05).
Conclusion. RCE allows achieving high rates of long-term cancer-specific and relapse-free survival in non-muscle-invasive and minimally invasive BC, without significant differences between groups, which determines the appropriateness of radical surgery as the first line of treatment.
