Introduction. Prostatic abscess (PA) is a rare pathological condition occurring in approximately 0.02% of patients with urological diseases. Kidney transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy are at high risk of developing inflammatory diseases of the urinary tract. PA may occur at any time after kidney transplantation. Diagnosis and treatment of PA in the early post-transplant period require a special approach aimed at both eliminating the infectious process and preserving the function of the transplanted kidney.

Clinical case. The presented clinical case describes a 57-year-old patient who was diagnosed with PA one month after kidney transplantation from a deceased donor. The patient presented with fever and dysuria. Urgent pelvic computed tomography and transrectal ultrasound identified two abscesses located in the left and right prostatic lobes. Transperitoneal puncture drainage was performed, and bacteriological analysis of the purulent material confirmed the presence of Klebsiella pneumonia in 107. The drainage catheter was removed after nine days, leading to the resolution of fever, aleviation of dysuric symptoms, improvement in the prostate’s echographic appearance, and a reduction in serum creatinine levels from 309 to 232 μmol/L. To our knowledge, this represents the first documented case of PA in a kidney transplant recipient occurring in the early post-transplant period.

Conclusion. In renal transplant recipients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, PA may develop very early after transplantation. The use of the correct approach to the treatment of this complication allows achieving favorable results, preventing complications and preserving the function of the transplanted organ.