The "gold" standard of diagnosis of prostate cancer is a transrectal multifocal prostate biopsy under ultrasound. The total number of columns of tissue obtained by needle biopsy, depending on the clinical picture and the presence of suspicious areas on ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. The most commonly represented prostatic adenocarcinoma cancer. In rare cases it can be diagnosed primary transitional cell cancer and mesenchymal tumors. According to most authors to a precancerous condition usually referred multifocal prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and atypical small acinar proliferation. Studies have shown that prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia precedes prostate cancer for at least 5 years. The presence of atypical small acinar proliferation in tissue biopsy samples obtained shows that with high probability at first biopsy of the prostate cancer was missed. Morphological verification of prostate cancer is made according to the Gleason histological classification, by adding the two highest grades, with their percentages. Modern Gleason score offers several options for histological evaluation of adenocarcinoma - from mature acinar to undifferentiated solid structures. Total index Gleason score is evaluated on a scale from 2 to 10 and is considered an important prognostic sign. The more lost tissue differentiation, the worse the prognosis for this particular patient.

Authors declare lack of the possible conflicts of interests.