The relevance of prostate cancer (PC) screening affects the interests of not only urologists, but also specialists in other fields (surgeons, therapists, general practitioners). This is related to the fact that these specialists are more-lessinvolved in the PC screening during the survey. In this regard, the emphasis on modern approaches to prostate malignant tumorsscreening isrelevant and necessary for wide range of specialists. Prostate cancer is the most common malignant neoplasm in men of middle and old age. The incidence rate of prostate cancer has almost doubled from the late 1970s to the early 1990s. In some countries, prostate cancer takes 2nd–3rd place after lung and stomach cancer in the structure of oncological diseases, and in the United States and Sweden – 1st place. About 450 thousand new cases of diseases per year are registered in total in the USA and Europe. A detailed analysis of the prostate cancer prevalence in Russia revealed that this disease is first detected in stage III-IV in almost half of the patients, which makesthe treatment much harder and reduces its effectiveness. According to various authors, a high rate of unreasonable hospitalization and a shift in priority towardsinpatient care at the stage of diagnostic and treatment are observed. To conduct diagnostic activitiesfor patients with prostate cancer on an outpatient basis the most developed countries of the world use hospital-replacing technologies. This brings an economic benefit to the health care system, while keeping the patient in the hospital for the minimum time. This article presents modern approachesto malignant neoplasms screening and the main organizational aspects of prostate cancer diagnosis.

Authors declare lack of the possible conflicts of interests.