We describe the application of the vascular occluder for endovascular treatment of profuse post-resection macrohematuria in patients with kidney cancer, was described in this article. Damage to the parenchyma vessels during the operation could lead to the formation of the traumatic arterio-venous fistula (AVF) and/or aneurism. AVF is a cause for prolonged macrohematuria and profuse bleedings. Inefficacy of the conservative therapy leads to the re-operations up to nephrectomy in selected cases. The open re-operation in case of renal artery AVF could be technically challenging due to adhesions and altered angioarchitectonics. Roentgenendovascular operations represent a good minimally invasive alternative, which could eliminate persisting macrohematuria post resection in an organ-preserving manner. The optimal results could be achieved with vascular occluder – small branches of the segment renal artery with arterio-venous aneurism were occluded in this case.

This case report demonstrates the potential of roentgen-endovascular treatment, which could replace the traumatic surgical operation in case of traumatic AVF of renal artery.