Катибов М.И.

Retrocaval ureter is a rare congenital anomaly, in which the ureter curves around the inferior vena cava. Compression of the ureter by inferior vena cava may lead to obstruction and hydronephrosis. This literature review represents data on diagnosis and treatment of retrocaval ureter.

Authors declare lack of the possible conflicts of interests.

Introduction. In Russia, until now, methodologically correctly organized population studies of LUTS have not been conducted. In this regard, from 2013 to 2016. Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology. N.A Lopatkin conducted a population-based study of the prevalence of LUTS in men in the Bobrovsky district of the Voronezh region, with an assessment of the depenence of symptoms on age and a number of other anthropometric indicators.

High numbers of untreated and complicated diseases, which entail considerable costs and impair the effectiveness of treatment, impose the necessity of reconsidering many issues of heal care provision. Taking into consideration this perspective approach, which enables to improve the effectiveness of diagnostics and treatment and lower unreasonable expenditures on health care system, principles of «4P Medicine» are being introduced.

Introduction. Today, the problem of screening for prostate cancer is not completely solved. Scientific experiments have not allowed to formulate a general concept due to the fact that the screening procedure is accompanied with such factors as hyperdiagnostics, hypertreatment and high economic losses.

The actuality of this study is defined by the lack of knowledge in the area of treatment of large or staghorn stones of solitary kidney. 

Economical efficacy of the prostate cancer screening in the Russian Federation was estimated using the modeling of three healthcare systems based on the official statistical data and the modern evidence from the major publications.

The prostate cancer (PCa) is nowadays one of the most common and progressively growing diseases in the area of oncourology. The yearly growth of the PCa incidence is 3%. The screening introduction was not effective, leading to the new problems with overdiagnosis, overtreatment and corresponding financial burden and growth in number of complications. As a result of this a new complex staged standardized program was developed in the National Scientific Institute of Urology for the treatment of patients with prostate cancer, which was introduced in Voronezh district in 2010.

The limited resources of health care system, combined with an aging population and an increase of proportion of diseases of involutional origin leads to the need to optimize the algorithms of diagnosis and treatment of these diseases. BPH is a gender-associated, socially significant disease, as it accounts for over 40% of all diseases of men older than 50 years, and this is the reason of the significant economic contributions in the cost structure of the health system.

The Federal State Organization Research Institute of Urology in 115 patients with bilateral staghorn nephrolithiasis in the period from 2009 to 2011 compared three methods of surgical treatment: percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy, combined treatment ( percutaneous nephrolitholapaxy and SWL ) and open surgery – efficacy stone removal, the rate of complications and length of hospitalization. Before surgery all patients underwent a standard examination and performed the above methods of surgical intervention.

Introduction. Analysis of the – experience with large and staghorn stones of the solitary kidney was carried out to optimize the treatment of this group of patients.