ONCOUROLOGY

At present time radical prostatectomy (RPE) remains one of the most common option of prostate cancer (PCa) surgical treatment. Oncologic specific survival rate is the main criteria of surgical treatment efficiency. One of the factors that can influence on this rate is positive surgical margin that indicates the presence of residual tumor tissues. Due to aforementioned the challenge of intraoperative control methods development is very actual. Fluorescent diagnostics can be considered the possible one. 40 patients were included into research.

Brief definition of immunohistochemical assay was given in this article. The role of immunohistochemical assay in prostate cancer diagnostics was shown. Immunohistochemical markers were divided into two groups: marker for prostate cancer detection and markers for prostate cancer potential assessment. Detailed characteristics of most significant markers were given. In first group following markers were included: cytokeratins, p63 protein, alpha-methylacyl-CoA-racemase.

At present time the challenge of prostate cancer early detection becomes more and more vital due to prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors in males. Development and clinical introduction of programs of prostate cancer early detection is not only about a medical concern but about social and economic meaning for government. After introduction 20 years ago PSA test gave a start to early prostate cancer detection era, increased rate of localized curable cancer detection.

Chronic pyelonephritis is one of the most common diseases complicating numerous urologic pathologies or occurring as an independent pathology. Chronic pyelonephritis due to insufficient and often non-effective management might cause renal failure, even after risk factors removal. New approaches in chronic pyelonephritis management required. According to publications bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells can improve chronic inflammation because of cytokine complexes secretion.

Not only clinical efficiency but costeffectiveness is to be considered in a choice of treatment option, particularly in oncologic patients. Oncologic patients treatment needs large budget expenditures and more than 50% of this cost is for last several years of patient’s life when they usually get palliative treatment. Purpose of this research was to estimate cost-effectiveness of different hormonal treatment options.

Most frequent prostate cancer radiation therapy complications are radiation, prostatitis cystitis and proctitis, with dysuria of different degree of manifestating. It can be also complicated by infravesical obstruction. α1-Blockers are used for nonsurgical treatment of dysuria and infravesical obstruction. The purpose of our clinical research was to evaluate efficiency of neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy with α1-blockers in patients with prostate cancer underwent extracorporal radiation treatment or brachytherapy.

The main aim of the work described in this article is efficiency and safety estimation of Rezorba (zoledronic acid) in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasies (MTS). This drug suppresses osteoclast activity, does not render undesirable influence on formation, mineralization and mechanical properties of bone tissue, possesses the direct antineoplastic activity, which is efficient in metastatic disease.

A bladder cancer (BC) – oncologic disease with wide range of risk factors. A trigger of the most of oncological diseases is an individual genetic predisposition provoked by various environmental factors, first of all of chemical nature. Various cancer causing agents that are collectively known as xenobiotics refer to the risk factors for BC. Necessary condition for manifestation of xenobiotics action is a hypersusceptibility that appears in the presence of certain genetic background.

An open comparative study was performed at the Research Institute of Urology to examine sensibility and safety of technetium-labeled zoledronic acid drug Rezoscan,99mTc in patients with prostate cancer in case of skeletal lesions detected by bone scanning. Frequency of coincidence and discrepancy in bone scanning results when utilizing Rezoscan, 99mTc or Technifor, 99mTc was evaluated. Novel drug safety was assessed by virtue of analysis of undesirable events and side eff ects frequency.