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Number №4, 2023 - page 14-19

Immuno-inflammatory mechanisms of age-associated transformation of the bladder DOI: 10.29188/2222-8543-2023-16-4-14-19

For citation: Shormanov I.S., Kulikov S.V., Soloviev A.S., Zhigalov S.A., Levin K.A. Immuno-inflammatory mechanisms of age-associated transformation of the bladder. Experimental and Clinical Urology 2023;16(4):14-19; https://doi.org/10.29188/2222‑8543‑2023‑16‑4‑14‑19
Shormanov I.S., Kulikov S.V., Soloviev A.S., Zhigalov S.A., Levin K.A.
Information about authors:
  • Shormanov I.S. – Dr. Sci., Professor, head of the Department of urology and Nephrology, «Yaroslavl State Medical University»; Yaroslavl, Russia; RSCI Author ID 584874, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-0421
  • Kulikov S.V. – Dr.Sci., Professor, head of the Department of pathological anatomy of the Federal state budgetary educational institution of higher education «Yaroslavl state medical University» of the Ministry of health of the Russian Federation, associate; Yaroslavl, Russia; RSCI Author ID 715490, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3331-8555
  • Soloviev A.S. – PhD, docent of Department of Urology with Nephrology, «Yaroslavl State Medical University»; Yaroslavl, Russia; RSCI Author ID 975843, https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5612-3227
  • Zhigalov S.A. – PhD, docent of Department of Urology with Nephrology of the «Yaroslavl State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of Russia; Yaroslavl, Russia; RSCI Author ID 1162237, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2464-572X
  • Levin K.A. – 6th year student of the Faculty of Medicine of the «Yaroslavl State Medical University» of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; Yaroslavl, Russia 
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Introduction. Despite the absence of a generally accepted theory explaining the mechanisms of aging, existing scientific data indicate a close relationship between aging and chronic low-grade inflammation (low-grade inflammation). This theory of inflammatory aging (inflame-aging) suggests that aging is accompanied by the development of a chronic inflammatory phenotype, which ultimately leads to fibroplastic transformation of tissues, which manifests itself in a functional deficiency of organs and, in particular, the bladder.

Aims. To study the role of free radical oxidation, endothelial dysfunction and low-level age-associated inflammation as universal mechanisms of cellular senescence in the process of age-related detrusor rearrangement in experimental animals.

Materials and methods. Two groups of laboratory animals were used in the experiment: group 1 (30-month-old white mongrel rats, n=10) and group 2 (10- month-old white mongrel rats, n=10). Markers of low-level age-associated inflammation (TNF-α, IL-6, IL1RA), endothelial dysfunction (ET-1, IL-1β, ESM1), profibrotic status (TGF beta 1 and CTGF), and free radical oxidation (8-isoprostane) were determined in blood and bladder homogenate, malonic dialdehyde, diene conjugates).The Student's criterion was used to compare two groups with a normal distribution.

Results and discussion. It was shown that with age in experimental animals, the levels of inflammation markers (TNF-α, IL-6, IL1RA), endothelial dysfunction (ET-1, IL-1β, ESM1), lipid peroxidation (diene conjugates, silicone dialdehyde) and profibrotic cytokines (TGF beta 1 and CTGF) increased, while the levels of antioxidant activity (catalase) decreased statistically significantly.This pattern was revealed both at the systemic (blood plasma) and organ levels (bladder wall).

Conclusion. The results of our experimental study confirm the role of chronic low-level inflammation in fibrosis-mediated inflammatory aging of organs and, in particular, in age-associated bladder reconstruction.

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