Introduction. Currently, the basis for effective treatment of urinary tuberculosis (UT) is a combination of specific chemotherapy with reasonable surgical intervention and strict follow-up of the patient.

Materials and methods. This literature review presents the evolution of methods of surgical treatment of renal and upper urinary tract tuberculosis over of 127 sources found for the review, 63 were selected.

Results. Since UT is a very slowly progressive disease with minimal and imperceptible symptoms, often leading to irreversible organ damage, up to 75% of patients with this pathology undergo surgery. As follows from the results of recent studies, the emphasis of surgical treatment is increasingly shifting from ablative and organ-carrying techniques to reconstructive operations. Surgery for upper urinary tract tuberculosis continues to develop, but its results in advanced cases of destruction of renal tissue often remain unsatisfactory.

Conclusions. The search for new methods of reconstructive interventions, the purpose of which is to preserve functioning renal-ureteral units and improve the quality of life of patients, remains relevant.