Introduction. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is one of the varieties of pelvic floor hernias and has a significant impact on the quality of life of a modern woman. The prevalence of POP is quite high, and the peak values of its occurrence reach 5% in women aged 60 to 69 years. The current trend in the world towards an increase in the occurrence of POP is associated with an increase in the life expectancy of women, the participation of women in the production process, the presence of concomitant somatic pathology, the identification of risk factors in the detection of a small degree of prolapse allows identifying risk groups for rapid progression of POP and timely implementation of therapeutic measures.

Aim. To identify new modern risk factors for POP.

Materials and methods. The study is a cohort retrospective non-randomized. The main group consisted of 110 patients with grade II-IV POP according to the POP-Q classification. The control group consisted of 34 women without established gynecological diseases. 

Results. Women with PОР were significantly more likely to live in rural areas, had a higher average body weight than patients without gynecological pathology, they were in postmenopause for a longer time. Patients with POP were significantly more often observed for diseases of the chronic tonsillitis, the cardiovascular system, as well as for varicose veins of the lower extremities. The patients of the main group had more abdominal operations in the anamnesis and higher parity than in the control group.

Conclusion. The risk factors for POP were the duration of postmenopause, high parity (natural childbirth) and overweight. The risk factors for PОР are diseases of the cardiovascular system, varicose veins of the lower extremities, chronic tonsillitis and surgical interventions on the abdominal organs.