Константинова О.В.

Contacts: Prosyannikov Mikchail Yurievich, prosyannikov@gmail.com

Introduction: One of the main characteristic features of urolithiasis are frequent recurrence. However, many aspects of urolithiasis pathogenesis are not fully understood.

Contacts: Prosyannikov Mikchail Yurievich, prosyannikov@gmail.com

Introduction. Hypercalciuria (HCU) is one of the main metabolic lithogenic disorders caused urolithiasis. Considering the significant role of calcium in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis, the proven effect of HCU on the initiation of stone formation during urolithiasis, it was decided to study the effect of calciuria on the frequency of formation of urinary stones of various chemical composition.

Urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases. Urolithiasisis a polyetetic disease (congenital and acquired nature)with complex physico-chemical processes occurring not only in the urinary system, but also in the whole body. Issues of etiology and pathogenesis of stone formation not fully explored despite clear success in the study of urolithiasis.

The pathogenesis of urolithiasis, as well as atherosclerosis, is not fully understood. According to hypothesis, the start point of lithogenesis or atherogenesis is endothelial wall damage. It is possible that free radical oxidation is part of the pathogenesis of both diseases. In addition, the results of a large number research works, assert that urolithiasis patients are more likely to get sick atherosclerosis.

Medical care for patients with urolithiasis in childhood requires special attention. We would like to make out typical mistakes, that admitted in the treatment of urolithiasis in children, and to focus the attention of specialists on the choice of the algorithm for diagnostics and treatment of urolithiasis in childhood, using the example of the following clinical case. Anamnesis of the child's disease described in detail in the article: the results of the basic instrumental research methods are given, the tactics of surgical treatment are reflected.

Introduction. Recently, the inexorable rise in the incidence of urolithiasis was recorded. Nowadays, detection of the causes of kidney stone formation and reduction in the number of recurring stones is possible with the help of chemical analysis of kidney stone composition and examination of biochemical parameters of blood and urine. It is also important to evaluate patient’s eating patterns as well. Interviewing of the group of interest using questionnaire surveys is one of the most effective and popular ways of eating patterns evaluation.

Aim. To find and determine possible associations of recidivist urolithiasis with candidate gene polymorphism.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different approaches to metaphylaxis of uric acid urolithiasis.

Thirty-four patients with the urate urolithiasis were on the follow-up during 3-6 years: 16 women and 18 men, with age range 31-66 years. In 31 case urolithiasis was recurrent. Three patients were diagnosed with the diabetes mellitus. Function of the kidneys and liver was normal according to the biochemical investigations.

We have examined 2 group of patients, overall 137 patients, with the age range 21-74 years, 76 female and 61 male patients. Urate stones were present in 49 patients, calcium oxalate (CaOx) and mixed with prevalence of CaOx in 88 patients. Recurrent urolithiasis was diagnosed in 135 patients. Long-term surveillance (2-15 years) was the case in 93 patients. The following investigations were carried out in patients: anamnesis, urinalysis, serum and urine biochemical panel (14 parameters), analysis of the stone composition.