UROLITHIASIS

One of the main precursors of the inflammation in kidneys are the pathological changes in urodynamics. ese changes are a consequence of the urogenital (congenital) anomalies: ureteral orifice dysplasia, ureteral stricture, vesico-ureteral reflux and primary megaureter, congenital hydronephrosis and infravesical obstruction, neurogenic bladder dysfunction. Rovatinex shows a complex activity, which obviates its use in clinical practice. It potentiates antibiotic activity of different substances, showing also a nephroprotective and antioxidant actions.

The study of the genetic risk factors in the development of the urolithiasis was undertaken in russian population. One hundred and one patients were investigated as study group and 393 healthy patients were used as control group. All patients were from Central Russia. Among the patients of the study group 32 had healthy relatives (17 male and 15 female patients) and 69 – had close relatives with urolithiasis (44 men and 25 women).

According to the recommendations of the European and American urological associations percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) stands ahead of the other operative modalities in treatment of the patients with large and staghorn stones with the efficacy of approximately 80%. Aim of the current investigation was to estimate the influence of the body mass index (BMI) on the efficacy of the PCNL and on the frequency of the complications during the retrospective analysis of our surgical data.

Urolithiasis is a widespread urological disease. With the implementation of the minimal invasive technologies for the stone disintegration the efficacy of the treatment was substantially improved, though, all of these methods could not be used for the treatment of urolithiasis itself and no guarantee could be given regarding the recurrence. There fore, the questions of the recurrence prophylactics are today of the main value in the treatment of the nephrolithiasis.

In this study we have investigated 54 patients with urolithiasis, 21 female and 33 male patients with the age range of 21-74 year. Sixteen women had calcium-oxalate stones, five – mixed stones with calcium-phosphate component – carbonapathite. Twenty five male patients had calcium-oxalate stones, eight – mixed with the presence of carbonapathite.

The frequency of the urolithiasis in the world according to some cross-sectional studies stays at the level of 3.5-9.6%. In the last 10 years the urolithiasis in many countries shows a tendency for growth. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a pathologic complex of the symptoms, which includes different metabolic and hormonal disturbances. The frequency of the MS in the population is rather high, and according to scientific data is at the level of 14-39%. Recently it was supposed, that urolithiasis and MS share common entities.

Objective. Systematization of complications of endoscopic surgery for nephrolithiasis due to improved Clavien-Dindo classification.

Materials and methods. Retrospectively reviewed the records of 1027 patients with upper urinary tract stones. Endoscopic procedures were performed by the standard technique, percutaneous intervention with the patient on his abdomen in 948 cases. In 79 patients stones were removed transurethrally. Pneumatic lithotripsy was perfromed.

The social significance of urolithiasis in recent years, finds a new urgency to the global changes in the health of the world population. Tendency of progressive increase in the prevalence of the urolithiasis is obvious, which requires the development of highly efficient methods of prevention and minimally invasive methods of treatment. In recent years there has been a multi-disciplinary approach to the study of the urolithiasis due to principles of evidence based medicine.

Urolithiasis takes one of the first plac¬es in the structure of urological diseas¬es. Kidney and urinary tract stones are detected in 30-45% of patients admit¬ted to urological hospitals.

At present time true reasons of calculi formation in kidneys and salivary glands are unknown. Pathogenic calculi formation in these organs could be consequences for example of mineral and ferment metabolism failures or influence of different external factors. The purpose of this investigation: to study of the frequency and combinations of urolithiasis and sialic lithiasis and compare of the mineral composition of sialic and renal calculi. 84 patients with sialic lithiasis and 50 patients with urolithiasis were examined.